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CO2 Emissions

Fossil CO2 Emissions (2022)
38,521,997,860tons
Change
+1.15%
Per capita
4.80 tons
See data table

What is a greenhouse gas?

A greenhouse gas (GHG) is any gaseous compound that is capable of absorbing and emitting infrared radiation, thereby allowing less heat to escape back to space, and 'trapping' it in the lower atmosphere.

The major greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere are water vapor, carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) and ozone (O3).

Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions by Country

See full table

# Country CO2 Emissions
(tons, 2022) 		1 Year
Change 		Population
(2022) 		Per
capita 		Share
of world
1 China 12,667,428,430 -0.39% 1,425,179,569 8.89 32.88%
2 United States 4,853,780,240 1.78% 341,534,046 14.21 12.60%
3 India 2,693,034,100 6.52% 1,425,423,212 1.89 6.99%
4 Russia 1,909,039,310 -1.22% 145,579,899 13.11 4.96%
5 Japan 1,082,645,430 0.65% 124,997,578 8.66 2.81%
6 Indonesia 692,236,110 13.14% 278,830,529 2.48 1.80%
7 Iran 686,415,730 1.27% 89,524,246 7.67 1.78%
8 Germany 673,595,260 -0.84% 84,086,227 8.01 1.75%
9 South Korea 635,502,970 -1.15% 51,782,512 12.27 1.65%
10 Saudi Arabia 607,907,500 2.93% 32,175,352 18.89 1.58%
11 Canada 582,072,950 3.57% 38,821,259 14.99 1.51%
12 Mexico 487,774,010 10.40% 128,613,117 3.79 1.27%
13 Turkey 481,247,520 3.10% 87,058,473 5.53 1.25%
14 Brazil 466,770,410 -7.30% 210,306,415 2.22 1.21%
15 South Africa 404,974,510 -3.34% 62,378,410 6.49 1.05%
16 Australia 393,162,550 1.31% 26,200,984 15.01 1.02%
17 United Kingdom 340,610,260 0.46% 68,179,315 5.00 0.88%
18 Vietnam 327,905,620 -2.90% 99,680,655 3.29 0.85%
19 Italy 322,948,740 0.68% 59,619,115 5.42 0.84%
20 Poland 321,954,000 -1.61% 38,385,739 8.39 0.84%
21 France 315,299,470 -2.91% 66,277,409 4.76 0.82%
22 Thailand 282,445,820 2.23% 71,735,329 3.94 0.73%
23 Malaysia 277,531,770 6.50% 34,695,493 8.00 0.72%
24 Taiwan 275,573,980 -4.52% 23,420,111 11.77 0.72%
25 Egypt 265,961,280 6.54% 112,618,250 2.36 0.69%
26 Spain 254,363,430 9.90% 47,828,382 5.32 0.66%
27 Kazakhstan 245,886,290 4.53% 20,034,609 12.27 0.64%
28 United Arab Emirates 218,799,350 2.03% 10,242,086 21.36 0.57%
29 Pakistan 199,329,850 -7.74% 243,700,667 0.82 0.52%
30 Iraq 193,836,310 7.73% 44,070,551 4.40 0.50%
31 Argentina 184,037,200 1.43% 45,407,904 4.05 0.48%
32 Algeria 177,079,430 -0.96% 45,477,389 3.89 0.46%
33 Philippines 155,380,930 6.32% 113,964,338 1.36 0.40%
34 Netherlands 134,663,630 -6.89% 17,904,421 7.52 0.35%
35 Ukraine 132,541,470 -26.57% 41,048,766 3.23 0.34%
36 Uzbekistan 132,433,520 3.70% 34,938,955 3.79 0.34%
37 Nigeria 122,750,410 -0.35% 223,150,896 0.55 0.32%
38 Kuwait 110,119,570 7.03% 4,589,511 23.99 0.29%
39 Bangladesh 109,075,300 3.57% 169,384,897 0.64 0.28%
40 Qatar 102,617,980 -3.69% 2,892,455 35.48 0.27%
41 Czech Republic (Czechia) 101,544,650 1.25% 10,673,213 9.51 0.26%
42 Venezuela 96,924,940 9.84% 28,213,017 3.44 0.25%
43 Chile 92,858,760 -5.26% 19,553,036 4.75 0.24%
44 Oman 91,649,080 3.02% 4,730,226 19.38 0.24%
45 Belgium 90,414,850 -7.01% 11,641,820 7.77 0.23%
46 Colombia 88,469,810 4.92% 51,737,944 1.71 0.23%
47 Romania 77,289,010 -3.54% 19,166,772 4.03 0.20%
48 Morocco 72,642,020 -4.20% 37,329,064 1.95 0.19%
49 Turkmenistan 69,882,930 1.83% 7,230,193 9.67 0.18%
50 Libya 62,743,000 -0.36% 7,223,805 8.69 0.16%
51 Israel 61,771,180 3.79% 9,103,151 6.79 0.16%
52 Peru 61,610,390 10.59% 33,475,438 1.84 0.16%
53 Austria 61,174,530 -6.68% 9,064,677 6.75 0.16%
54 Belarus 57,411,420 -3.74% 9,173,237 6.26 0.15%
55 Greece 56,777,160 4.82% 10,412,480 5.45 0.15%
56 North Korea 54,403,780 -0.78% 26,328,845 2.07 0.14%
57 Singapore 53,439,690 -2.96% 5,649,885 9.46 0.14%
58 Bulgaria 50,103,300 9.40% 6,825,864 7.34 0.13%
59 Hungary 47,291,880 -8.11% 9,684,306 4.88 0.12%
60 Ecuador 46,106,910 7.29% 17,823,897 2.59 0.12%
61 Norway 42,283,660 -4.43% 5,456,801 7.75 0.11%
62 Portugal 41,281,720 4.42% 10,417,073 3.96 0.11%
63 Bahrain 37,955,110 0.35% 1,533,459 24.75 0.10%
64 Sweden 37,850,250 -0.48% 10,487,338 3.61 0.10%
65 Ireland 37,785,560 4.47% 5,110,016 7.39 0.10%
66 Myanmar 37,394,010 0.73% 53,756,787 0.70 0.10%
67 Finland 37,324,670 -4.42% 5,569,299 6.70 0.10%
68 Azerbaijan 37,129,640 -0.15% 10,295,304 3.61 0.10%
69 Switzerland 36,105,180 -1.31% 8,792,182 4.11 0.09%
70 Tunisia 35,915,380 2.18% 12,119,334 2.96 0.09%
71 Slovakia 35,233,230 -2.84% 5,473,197 6.44 0.09%
72 Hong Kong 32,439,160 -5.74% 7,465,915 4.34 0.08%
73 New Zealand 32,371,130 -6.29% 5,131,734 6.31 0.08%
74 Trinidad and Tobago 29,217,380 -0.16% 1,495,921 19.53 0.08%
75 Denmark 29,158,760 -4.60% 5,902,904 4.94 0.08%
76 Syria 28,237,370 3.95% 22,462,173 1.26 0.07%
77 Cuba 24,770,800 2.53% 11,059,820 2.24 0.06%
78 Sudan 24,523,230 1.93% 49,383,346 0.50 0.06%
79 Ghana 24,452,990 1.60% 33,149,152 0.74 0.06%
80 Lebanon 23,766,110 4.46% 5,744,489 4.14 0.06%
81 Jordan 23,578,900 2.58% 11,256,263 2.09 0.06%
82 Dominican Republic 23,456,970 1.18% 11,230,734 2.09 0.06%
83 Mongolia 22,095,340 -0.30% 3,386,015 6.53 0.06%
84 Bolivia 21,959,530 0.42% 12,077,154 1.82 0.06%
85 Bosnia and Herzegovina 21,826,660 0.18% 3,204,802 6.81 0.06%
86 Kenya 21,527,440 2.85% 54,252,461 0.40 0.06%
87 Ethiopia 21,106,910 2.70% 125,384,287 0.17 0.05%
88 Angola 20,185,660 -6.38% 35,635,029 0.57 0.05%
89 Laos 20,125,910 -0.44% 7,559,007 2.66 0.05%
90 Guatemala 20,090,150 0.04% 17,847,877 1.13 0.05%
91 Sri Lanka 18,535,920 -12.44% 22,834,965 0.81 0.05%
92 Cambodia 17,618,910 0.58% 17,201,724 1.02 0.05%
93 Croatia 17,224,970 1.22% 3,907,027 4.41 0.04%
94 Tanzania 16,978,750 2.65% 64,711,821 0.26 0.04%
95 Nepal 15,847,310 0.65% 29,715,436 0.53 0.04%
96 Côte d'Ivoire 14,491,920 1.99% 30,395,002 0.48 0.04%
97 Slovenia 13,946,920 -2.34% 2,115,228 6.59 0.04%
98 Lithuania 13,263,810 -5.64% 2,816,919 4.71 0.03%
99 Puerto Rico 12,616,570 -1.90% 3,240,968 3.89 0.03%
100 Yemen 12,263,170 -0.22% 38,222,876 0.32 0.03%
101 Senegal 12,074,690 3.40% 17,651,103 0.68 0.03%
102 Georgia 12,013,890 0.71% 3,794,784 3.17 0.03%
103 Panama 11,384,020 4.73% 4,400,773 2.59 0.03%
104 Estonia 10,847,950 -6.77% 1,350,091 8.03 0.03%
105 Honduras 10,612,630 5.73% 10,463,872 1.01 0.03%
106 Tajikistan 10,551,280 1.31% 10,182,222 1.04 0.03%
107 Kyrgyzstan 10,303,360 1.44% 6,955,788 1.48 0.03%
108 Zimbabwe 10,223,730 6.06% 16,069,056 0.64 0.03%
109 Cameroon 10,080,190 -5.59% 27,632,771 0.36 0.03%
110 Mozambique 10,028,180 11.68% 32,656,246 0.31 0.03%
111 Paraguay 9,932,550 0.03% 6,760,464 1.47 0.03%
112 Benin 9,619,540 3.70% 13,759,501 0.70 0.02%
113 Brunei 9,375,650 -4.45% 455,370 20.59 0.02%
114 Zambia 9,270,700 4.56% 20,152,938 0.46 0.02%
115 Moldova 8,652,070 -6.09% 3,039,985 2.85 0.02%
116 Costa Rica 8,608,370 5.77% 5,081,765 1.69 0.02%
117 Uruguay 8,541,520 0.10% 3,390,913 2.52 0.02%
118 North Macedonia 8,336,480 -0.02% 1,840,233 4.53 0.02%
119 Botswana 8,213,720 21.79% 2,439,892 3.37 0.02%
120 El Salvador 7,972,430 5.62% 6,280,319 1.27 0.02%
121 Luxembourg 7,586,820 -12.07% 653,313 11.61 0.02%
122 Uganda 7,540,270 2.33% 47,312,719 0.16 0.02%
123 Cyprus 7,460,310 0.34% 1,331,370 5.60 0.02%
124 Congo 7,435,820 4.09% 6,035,104 1.23 0.02%
125 Mali 6,725,970 4.45% 23,072,640 0.29 0.02%
126 Latvia 6,705,370 -7.37% 1,881,063 3.56 0.02%
127 Armenia 6,326,530 -8.68% 2,880,874 2.20 0.02%
128 Jamaica 6,083,040 -0.18% 2,839,144 2.14 0.02%
129 Burkina Faso 5,820,480 3.99% 22,509,038 0.26 0.02%
130 Nicaragua 5,734,390 5.56% 6,730,654 0.85 0.01%
131 Afghanistan 5,675,770 0.65% 40,578,842 0.14 0.01%
132 Malawi 5,627,530 8.03% 20,568,728 0.27 0.01%
133 Gabon 5,516,570 -1.53% 2,430,747 2.27 0.01%
134 New Caledonia 5,361,860 0.76% 287,123 18.67 0.01%
135 Equatorial Guinea 5,053,870 -9.47% 1,803,545 2.80 0.01%
136 Papua New Guinea 4,715,910 2.23% 10,203,169 0.46 0.01%
137 Mauritania 4,611,630 4.49% 4,875,637 0.95 0.01%
138 Albania 4,486,220 2.94% 2,827,608 1.59 0.01%
139 Namibia 4,287,830 9.26% 2,889,662 1.48 0.01%
140 Mauritius 4,281,810 6.05% 1,276,130 3.36 0.01%
141 Guyana 3,804,000 1.67% 821,637 4.63 0.01%
142 Guinea 3,801,720 3.92% 14,055,137 0.27 0.01%
143 Iceland 3,558,320 15.57% 380,356 9.36 0.01%
144 DR Congo 3,551,810 -1.38% 102,396,968 0.03 0.01%
145 Haiti 3,437,040 3.81% 11,503,606 0.30 0.01%
146 Suriname 3,289,020 0.13% 623,164 5.28 0.01%
147 Madagascar 3,190,000 4.31% 30,437,261 0.10 0.01%
148 Réunion 2,736,530 3.05% 871,540 3.14 0.01%
149 Niger 2,633,180 2.59% 25,311,973 0.10 0.01%
150 Togo 2,437,950 2.80% 9,089,738 0.27 0.01%
151 Macao 2,247,400 1.61% 704,356 3.19 0.01%
152 Maldives 2,181,070 2.34% 524,106 4.16 0.01%
153 Chad 2,110,370 -0.66% 18,455,316 0.11 0.01%
154 Malta 1,715,420 2.44% 528,192 3.25 0.00%
155 Bhutan 1,712,460 0.90% 780,914 2.19 0.00%
156 Fiji 1,692,890 2.26% 919,422 1.84 0.00%
157 Rwanda 1,626,440 2.55% 13,651,030 0.12 0.00%
158 Liberia 1,622,810 4.25% 5,373,294 0.30 0.00%
159 Bahamas 1,446,220 3.91% 397,538 3.64 0.00%
160 Palau 1,357,050 2.12% 17,759 76.41 0.00%
161 Eswatini 1,348,890 13.50% 1,218,917 1.11 0.00%
162 Sierra Leone 1,099,700 4.08% 8,276,807 0.13 0.00%
163 Seychelles 1,095,060 1.86% 125,522 8.72 0.00%
164 Cabo Verde 1,015,010 4.83% 519,741 1.95 0.00%
165 French Polynesia 956,700 2.32% 280,378 3.41 0.00%
166 Somalia 940,570 2.45% 17,801,897 0.05 0.00%
167 Burundi 924,150 2.50% 13,321,097 0.07 0.00%
168 Guadeloupe 904,520 3.27% 384,697 2.35 0.00%
169 Martinique 899,240 3.56% 349,459 2.57 0.00%
170 Eritrea 804,660 1.96% 3,409,447 0.24 0.00%
171 Lesotho 779,000 9.18% 2,286,110 0.34 0.00%
172 Djibouti 761,120 2.09% 1,137,096 0.67 0.00%
173 Barbados 674,170 3.47% 282,318 2.39 0.00%
174 Gibraltar 663,620 3.59% 37,609 17.65 0.00%
175 Gambia 611,740 4.81% 2,636,470 0.23 0.00%
176 Timor-Leste 572,620 4.33% 1,369,295 0.42 0.00%
177 Greenland 465,940 6.04% 55,990 8.32 0.00%
178 Aruba 455,060 3.91% 107,782 4.22 0.00%
179 Samoa 355,420 2.33% 215,261 1.65 0.00%
180 French Guiana 354,590 0.13% 298,306 1.19 0.00%
181 Guinea-Bissau 350,090 4.78% 2,105,529 0.17 0.00%
182 Comoros 342,880 2.45% 834,188 0.41 0.00%
183 Solomon Islands 318,050 2.32% 781,066 0.41 0.00%
184 Bermuda 317,540 3.92% 64,749 4.90 0.00%
185 Cayman Islands 307,220 3.91% 71,591 4.29 0.00%
186 Antigua and Barbuda 277,650 3.91% 92,840 2.99 0.00%
187 Central African Republic 276,060 -6.02% 5,098,039 0.05 0.00%
188 Belize 269,430 6.38% 402,733 0.67 0.00%
189 Saint Lucia 254,790 3.92% 178,781 1.43 0.00%
190 Western Sahara 241,500 0.16% 568,739 0.42 0.00%
191 Vanuatu 218,140 2.33% 313,046 0.70 0.00%
192 Tonga 166,860 2.33% 105,042 1.59 0.00%
193 Sao Tome & Principe 157,900 -6.33% 226,305 0.70 0.00%
194 Grenada 122,490 3.90% 116,913 1.05 0.00%
195 Cook Islands 107,800 2.35% 14,723 7.32 0.00%
196 Saint Kitts & Nevis 101,920 3.92% 46,709 2.18 0.00%
197 Turks and Caicos 88,360 3.90% 45,847 1.93 0.00%
198 St. Vincent & Grenadines 82,790 3.90% 102,046 0.81 0.00%
199 Kiribati 73,960 2.31% 130,469 0.57 0.00%
200 Dominica 68,810 3.83% 66,826 1.03 0.00%
201 British Virgin Islands 64,670 3.92% 38,319 1.69 0.00%
202 Saint Pierre & Miquelon 37,110 -1.46% 5,732 6.47 0.00%
203 Anguilla 22,810 3.63% 14,180 1.61 0.00%
204 Falkland Islands 21,770 0.14% 3,490 6.24 0.00%
205 Saint Helena 17,900 12.30% 5,343 3.35 0.00%
206 Faeroe Islands 2,110 0.48% 54,011 0.04 0.00%

CO2 Emissions by Sector


CO2 emissions from burning fossel fuel for the following uses:

  • Power Industry - Electricity production comes mostly from burning fossil fuels, mostly coal and natural gas. Greenhouse gas emissions from industry primarily come from burning fossil fuels for energy.
  • Industrial Combustion - from manufacturing.
  • Waste - solid waste disposed on land, solid waste composted and hazardous solid waste processing/storage, waste water handling, waste incineration.
  • Fuel Exploitation - fuel extraction, transformation and refineries activities, including venting and flaring.
  • Industrial Processes non-metallic minerals, non-ferrous metals, solvents and other product use, chemicals, etc
  • Transportation - from burning fossil fuel for cars, trucks, ships, trains, and planes.
  • Agriculture - agriculture livestock (enteric fermentation, manure management), agriculture soils (fertilisers, lime application, rice cultivation, direct soil emissions, indirect N2O emissions from agriculture), field burning of agricultural residues.
  • Buildings - Commercial and residential. Greenhouse gas emissions from businesses and homes arise primarily from fossil fuels burned for heat, the use of certain products that contain greenhouse gases, and the handling of waste.

    Excluded are: short-cycle biomass burning (such as agricultural waste burning), large-scale biomass burning (such as forest fires) and carbon emissions/removals of land-use, land-use change and forestry.

C02 Emission Trends

  • Global Fossil CO2 emissions were 38,521,997,860 tons in 2022.
  • CO2 emissions increased by 1.15% over the previous year, representing an increase by 439,834,090 tons over 2021, when CO2 emissions were 38,082,163,770 tons.
  • CO2 emissions per capita worldwide are equivalent to 4.80 tons per person (based on a world population of 8,021,407,192 in 2022), an increase by 0.01 over the figure of 4.79 CO2 tons per person registered in 2021; this represents a change of 0.3% in CO2 emissions per capita.

Global Fossil CO2 emissions by Year

Year Fossil CO2 Emissions
(tons) 		CO2 emisions
change		 CO2 emissions
per capita		 Population Pop.
change
2022 38,521,997,860 1.15% 4.80 8,021,407,192 0.84 %
2021 38,082,163,770 5.95% 4.79 7,954,448,391 0.86 %
2020 35,944,470,190 -4.97% 4.56 7,887,001,292 0.97 %
2019 37,824,905,990 -0.02% 4.84 7,811,293,698 1.05 %
2018 37,831,867,370 2.55% 4.89 7,729,902,781 1.10 %
2017 36,890,294,700 1.75% 4.83 7,645,617,954 1.15 %
2016 36,256,039,370 0.27% 4.80 7,558,554,526 1.18 %
2015 36,158,843,940 -0.36% 4.84 7,470,491,872 1.20 %
2014 36,290,301,590 0.62% 4.92 7,381,616,244 1.23 %
2013 36,066,749,090 1.94% 4.95 7,291,793,585 1.26 %
2012 35,379,993,670 1.34% 4.91 7,201,202,485 1.27 %
2011 34,911,300,320 3.14% 4.91 7,110,923,765 1.27 %
2010 33,848,387,620 6.12% 4.82 7,021,732,148 1.28 %
2009 31,897,660,490 -1.27% 4.60 6,932,766,416 1.29 %
2008 32,307,290,310 0.61% 4.72 6,844,457,662 1.29 %
2007 32,112,582,940 3.78% 4.75 6,757,308,781 1.29 %
2006 30,943,452,550 3.40% 4.64 6,671,452,015 1.28 %
2005 29,924,588,820 3.74% 4.54 6,586,970,132 1.29 %
2004 28,846,453,240 4.66% 4.44 6,503,377,772 1.29 %
2003 27,562,243,480 4.62% 4.29 6,420,361,634 1.30 %
2002 26,344,002,090 1.56% 4.16 6,337,730,342 1.32 %
2001 25,938,836,700 1.24% 4.15 6,254,936,459 1.35 %
2000 25,620,997,640 3.22% 4.15 6,171,702,993 1.36 %
1999 24,821,873,390 0.73% 4.08 6,089,006,339 1.36 %
1998 24,642,487,230 0.65% 4.10 6,007,066,690 1.39 %
1997 24,484,291,960 1.95% 4.13 5,924,787,816 1.42 %
1996 24,014,901,730 1.94% 4.11 5,842,055,734 1.44 %
1995 23,558,143,540 2.91% 4.09 5,758,878,982 1.47 %
1994 22,891,582,830 0.97% 4.03 5,675,551,255 1.50 %
1993 22,672,034,380 0.48% 4.05 5,591,544,797 1.55 %
1992 22,564,252,780 -0.40% 4.10 5,505,989,816 1.61 %
1991 22,654,806,350 0.61% 4.18 5,418,735,891 1.71 %
1990 22,516,769,410 0.82% 4.23 5,327,803,110 1.78 %
1989 22,333,211,520 1.76% 4.27 5,234,431,732 1.80 %
1988 21,946,990,560 3.57% 4.27 5,141,992,542 1.83 %
1987 21,190,595,500 3.16% 4.20 5,049,746,397 1.85 %
1986 20,541,707,830 1.76% 4.14 4,958,072,838 1.83 %
1985 20,185,802,360 1.30% 4.15 4,868,943,465 1.81 %
1984 19,926,536,400 3.21% 4.17 4,782,175,519 1.81 %
1983 19,307,236,260 0.72% 4.11 4,697,327,573 1.84 %
1982 19,169,203,050 -1.31% 4.16 4,612,673,421 1.85 %
1981 19,422,670,490 -1.85% 4.29 4,528,777,306 1.83 %
1980 19,788,043,060 -1.30% 4.45 4,447,606,236 1.81 %
1979 20,047,744,460 2.76% 4.59 4,368,539,528 1.78 %
1978 19,508,784,910 2.63% 4.55 4,292,097,502 1.76 %
1977 19,008,069,630 3.04% 4.51 4,217,863,796 1.78 %

Sources